PRECISION ONCOLOGY
Immunotherapy and targeted therapy in Turkey: who may benefit?
Immunotherapy helps the immune system recognise and attack cancer, while targeted therapies act on specific molecular alterations. Neither is a universal treatment; eligibility depends on tumour type, stage, biomarkers, previous therapy and the approved setting.
Medical decisions are made by the evaluating physicians and hospitals. MEDITRAVEL coordinates access and communication.
PATIENT DECISION PATHWAY
01
Diagnosis
Pathology · stage · imaging
02
Right team
Hospital · physician · tumour board
03
Decision
Plan · timeline · estimated cost
Information that may change treatment selection
PD-L1
Relevant in selected cancers, but thresholds and treatment combinations vary by disease.
MSI / MMR
Microsatellite instability and mismatch repair deficiency can carry treatment implications in selected tumours.
Driver alterations
EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, KRAS, HER2, BRCA and other alterations may be relevant depending on the cancer type.
NGS
Multi-gene panels can identify several alterations at once, but the result requires clinical interpretation.
A molecular report is not a treatment plan
An NGS or liquid-biopsy result should be interpreted by an oncologist in the context of the cancer type, stage, available drugs and strength of evidence.
Related topics
Last editorial update: 2026-10-10. Medical background: NCI/ESMO. Hospital facts: public institutional sources and MEDITRAVEL partner pages. Sources & methodology.